Lesson 12 / 24

Build words, then speak

Stack affixes on a root and hold a first real conversation.

A root stays still. Endings and affixes do the work: san- → sano, malsana, malsanulo, malsanulejo. -in- makes female, -ej- a place, -il- a tool, -ist- a professional, -ul- a person of that kind, -ig- “make”, -iĝ- “become.” You do not need a new dictionary line for each. Now reuse everything from the lessons so far and speak in full sentences.

A small clinic, a big help

Read the story. Click a word to see what it means.

Sami . iras . Tie laboras .

Sami is ill. He goes to the hospital. A healer works there.

uzas simplajn . . iom post iom .

The healer uses simple tools. She calms him. Little by little he gets well again.

Poste fariĝas . helpas aliajn sama .

Afterwards he becomes a helper. He helps other sick people in the same place.

Lernu partojn: mal- san- -ul- -ej- . povas diri tutan frazon.

Learn the pieces: mal- san- -ul- -ej-. With them you can say a whole sentence.

Read this aloud

Saluton! Ĉu vi parolas Esperanton? Hello! Do you speak Esperanto?
Jes, mi lernas. Hodiaŭ mi iris al la lernejo kun miaj amikoj. Yes, I am learning. Today I went to school with my friends.
Kie estas la malsanulejo? Mi serĉas kuraciston. Where is the hospital? I am looking for a doctor.
Tie. Iru rekte, poste maldekstren. Ĝis revido! There. Go straight, then left. See you!

Think in the language

Read the last dialogue aloud twice. Do not translate in your head first. Then open the affix page and build five new words from roots you already know.

Words in this lesson

lernejo school

malsanulejo hospital

kuracisto doctor

serĉi to look for

hodiaŭ today

ĝis revido goodbye / see you

malsana ill / unwell

sanigisto healer / one who makes healthy

ilo tool

trankviligas calms (makes calm)

resaniĝas gets well again

helpanto helper

malsanuloj sick people

ejo place

Practice

Build the word or the sentence. Enter checks your answer.

school (place of learning)

lern- + -ej- + -o.

hospital (place of unwell people)

mal- + san- + -ul- + -ej- + -o.

Do you speak Esperanto?

Ĉu + present + object -n.

He goes to the hospital.

mal-san-ul-ejo.

She calms him.

-ig + object -n.

He gets well again.

re- + san- + -iĝas.

Build the word

Build the word from the pieces.

ill person

mal- + san- + -ulo.

place for ill people

malsanulo + -ejo.

to make healthy

san- + -igi.

to become calm

trankvil- + -iĝi.

a little house

-et shrinks.

a huge book

-eg magnifies.

Complete the sentences

Fill the missing affix or word.

Li iras al la malsanul____. (place)

-ejo = place.

Ŝi trankvil____ lin. (makes calm)

-ig = to make.

Li resan____. (becomes healthy again)

-iĝ = to become.

La ilo estas en la ____. (tool-place / workshop — use ejo with ilo)

ilo + ejo.